The end of the old order in rural Europe

The seigniors

The peasants

The obligations of the peasantry

The privileges of the seigniors

Peasants, large, middling, and small

The retardation of agriculture: techniques and implements

The retardation of agriculture: crops and livestock

The rural economy

The condition of the peasantry

Absolute monarchy and the nobility

First attempts at reform

New directions in agriculture

The improvers

The old order attacked and defended

Peasant unrest

Background of the emancipation

The reforms

Pluses and minuses

From order to class.