Skeptic's Guide to Algebra in the Early Grades
Pt. I. Nature of Early Algebra
1. What Is Algebra? What Is Algebraic Reasoning? / James J. Kaput
2. Algebra From a Symbolization Point of View / James J. Kaput, Maria L. Blanton and Luis Moreno
3. Making Use of Children's Powers to Produce Algebraic Thinking / John Mason
4. Quantitative Reasoning and the Development of Algebraic Reasoning / John P. (Jack) Smith III and Patrick W. Thompson
5. Representational Thinking as a Framework for Introducing Functions in the Elementary Curriculum / Erick Smith
Pt. II. Students' Capacity for Algebraic Thinking
6. Classroom Stories: Examples of Elementary Students Engaged in Early Algebra / Virginia Bastable and Deborah Schifter
7. Children's Reasoning About Change Over Time / Cornelia Tierney and Stephen Monk
8. What Is a Legitimate Arithmetic Number Sentence? The Case of Kindergarten and First-Grade Children / Nitza Mark-Zigdon and Dina Tirosh
9. Visualizing Algebraic Reasoning / Timothy Boester and Richard Lehrer
10. Early Algebra Is Not the Same as Algebra Early / David W. Carraher, Analucia D. Schliemann and Judah L. Schwartz
11. Multiple Notational Systems and Algebraic Understandings: The Case of the "Best Deal" Problem / Barbara M. Brizuela and Darrell Earnest
12. Signed Numbers and Algebraic Thinking / Irit Peled and David W. Carraher
Pt. III. Issues of Implementation: Taking Early Algebra into the Classroom
13. Content Matters: Algebraic Reasoning in Teacher Professional Development / Megan Loef Franke, Thomas P. Carpenter and Dan Battey
14. Building District Capacity for Teacher Development in Algebraic Reasoning / Maria L. Blanton and James J. Kaput
15. Measure Up: A Quantitative View of Early Algebra / Barbara Dougherty
16. Early Algebra: What Does Understanding the Laws of Arithmetic Mean in the Elementary Grades? / Deborah Schifter, Stephen Monk, Susan Jo Russell and Virginia Bastable
17. Early Algebra: The Math Workshop Perspective / E. Paul Goldenberg and Nina Shteingold
18. Early Algebra as Mathematical Sense Making / Alan H. Schoenfeld.
