Tracing the contours of the "unequal treaties" in imperial China, 1840-1911
Implementing and contesting international law: the "unequal treaties" and the foreign ministry of the Beijing government, 1912-1928
Disseminating the rhetoric of bupingdeng tiaoyue, 1923-1927
Redeeming "a century of national ignominy:" nationalism and party rivalry over the unequal treaties, 1928-1947
Universalizing international law and the Chinese study of the unequal treaties: the paradox of equality and inequality
Conclusion: defining and redefining the past.