The rise of modern Japan

The Tokugawa legacy

Western challenge, Japanese response

The overthrow of the Tokugawa, 1860-1868

Building a modern state, 1868-1894

The Meiji Emperor and the Meiji Constitution, 1873-1904

Cultural borrowing, 1860-1912

Industrialization : the first phase, 1860-1930

Capitalism and domestic politics, 1890-1930

Independence and Empire, 1873-1919

Soldiers and patriots, 1918-1933

The New Order in Japan, 1931-1945

An Empire won and lost, 1937-1945

Military occupation, 1945-1952

Conservative democracy and the American alliance, 1951-1972

The economic miracle

The end of the Showa Era, 1971-1989

The postwar pattern unravels, 1989-1999.